The Civil Rights Demonstration in Birmingham, Alabama Research Paper

The Civil Rights Demonstration in Birmingham, Alabama - Research Paper ExampleSuch cultural or ideological concept was further strengthened with the formulation and implementation of certain ordinances in the city. Two particular ordinances that highlight segregationist policies are branch 369 and Section 597 of the city ordinances (Birminghams Racial Segregation Ordinances, May 1951). Section 369 is about the separation of races when it comes to restaurants and other places in the city that serve food. A restaurant whitethorn also serve to both blacks and whites but dividers should also be put in place. Section 597, on the other hand, explicitly states that it shall be unlawful for a negro and a white person to play together or in company with each other in any game of card or dice, dominoes or checkers. These policies clearly banned any socialization done between whites and blacks. What is interesting to note is that Birmingham, during the said period in history, well-nigh had an equal population of white Americans and African Americans the former comprising 60 percent while the latter made up for 40 percent. It is clear that while the blacks were a minority, they were not far behind in numbers when compared to the whites. However, this was also the factor why they bore the brunt of racism even out more. This could be seen in how they had been deprived of play opportunities. This consequently affected the capabilities of the blacks to gain income. According to Garrow, the average income of African Americans in Birmingham was less than half of white salary-earners a fact that could be observed at the local steel mills (1989, p. 165). The jobs that were made available to the blacks were only those that are under the category of manual labor. Any time that retrenchments have to be made, it was ceaselessly the black workers that have to leave counterbalance. Aside from the cultural and economic biases against the blacks in Birmingham, violent actions and po litical coercion were also made against them. These only made the situations even worse. In fact, there were scores of bombings that were made since 1945 to 1962 that targeted prominent African American individuals. Homes, meeting places, and even churches used by the blacks, especially those that were used as venues to controvert their conditions, were not spared from such attacks. The state of Alabama outlawed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. This is the reason why Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth, along with other leading in the church, organized the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights. The said organization immediately waged a campaign to junk the segregationist ordinances in Birmingham. The courts were curtly convinced that segregationist policies related to the use of the citys parks are illegal. In response, the city administration decided to close the parks. Early Attempts at Demonstrations and Failures After realizing that Birminghams ci ty administration would not easily give in to the demands for the termination of segregationist policies, Rev. Shuttlesworth decided to seek help from the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, which was fast becoming influential in uniting the blacks in the struggle for civil rights. The SCLC responded positively and immediately went to plan the first series of protests. Its first attempt at non-violent direct actions aimed to put pressure on the city